Liquid crystal itself does not emit light, but it can control the deflection of molecules through an electric field and adjust the amount of light passing through, ultimately presenting a myriad of light and shadow effects - this is the core working principle of TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display). The precise structure composed of a backlight source, TFT array, liquid crystal layer, polarizer and color filter has been labeled as "a bottleneck period" due to shortcomings such as insufficient contrast and slow response speed under the impact of OLED. However, in 2025, with the in-depth breakthroughs in core technologies by Chinese display enterprises, this technical path has ushered in a "second spring". With innovations such as precise backlight control, high-speed response and ultra-wide color gamut, this technology has restructured its competitiveness and driven the global display industry into a new stage of "technological diversity and coordinated development".
From multiple industry exhibitions and industry reports throughout the year, it has been learned that Chinese enterprises represented by TCL Huaxing, BOE and Huiko are starting from the structural principle of TFT-LCD, specifically addressing industry pain points. As the "source of light" of LCD, the coordinated control of the backlight and the liquid crystal layer directly determines the display effect, and this is precisely the core area of this year's technological breakthroughs. For a long time, the insufficient deflection speed of liquid crystal molecules and the poor uniformity of backlight have caused the contrast shortcoming, which has always been a weak link in the competition between LCD and OLED. Now, Chinese enterprises have successfully rewritten this situation through bottom-level technological innovation.
At the ChinaJoy 2025 exhibition held in August this year, the three major e-sports LCD core technologies released by TCL Huaxing, namely HVA Fast, HVA Black, and HFS Shoot, became the focus of industry attention. Among them, the HVA Fast technology optimizes the control accuracy of the TFT array driving voltage, accelerates the response of the liquid crystal molecule deflection, and shortens the panel's gray-scale response speed to 1ms, which is a qualitative leap compared to the current average level of 5ms for mainstream e-sports monitors - this means that in high-speed moving images, the liquid crystal molecules can more accurately follow the electric field instructions to switch states, completely eliminating ghosting and providing professional players with a "preemptive" visual advantage.
The industry pain point of insufficient contrast has also been fundamentally resolved. The HVA Black technology of TCL HuaXing achieves the industry's highest native contrast of 5000:1 by improving the arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules and the control of backlight partitions. "This means that the liquid crystal layer can control the 'blocking and transmission' of light more perfectly. In dark areas, the liquid crystal molecules are closely arranged to block light leakage, while in bright areas, they fully transmit light. Combined with a 240Hz-500Hz ultra-high refresh rate solution, the LCD panel can simultaneously achieve cinematic-level image quality reproduction and smooth and fluid dynamic performance," an industry technology expert explained. What is more noteworthy is that these innovations did not sacrifice the inherent advantages of LCD - while avoiding the risk of OLED burn-in, they maintained high brightness, long lifespan and controllable cost, completely breaking the industry perception that "high-quality images must be OLED".
From small-sized e-sports screens to ultra-large sizes, the LCD technology has seen a comprehensive series of advancements. At the International (Shanghai) Display Technology and Application Innovation Exhibition (DIC EXPO 2025), the 98-inch global highest-quality LCD TV product showcased by TCL Huaxing featured the fourth-generation liquid crystal technology and the Vixi large model. It utilized AI algorithms to real-time optimize the TFT array voltage control and backlight adjustment, and could dynamically adjust the liquid crystal molecule deflection angle and backlight brightness according to the content type and viewing habits: enhancing dark details during movie watching, improving the clarity of sports viewing, and achieving a "one person, one experience" visual experience. BOE then introduced the 110-inch UB Cell 4.0 product, which optimized the wide viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules through ADS Pro technology, solving the color deviation problem when viewing from the side of large-sized screens, and further consolidating the position of large-sized LCD in the high-end market.
Huike's technological breakthroughs are also impressive. Its globally pioneering UltraClear Motion 1000+ picture quality enhancement technology optimizes the timing of the driving circuit and the response mechanism of the liquid crystal molecules, achieving a native refresh rate of 300Hz and a 2ms MPRT response; the HyperSpeed Pro series of 85/100-inch 360Hz LCD products can overclock the refresh rate to 360Hz at 4K resolution, increasing dynamic clarity by 50%, fully demonstrating the great potential of LCD in the high-refresh-rate field.
In the fields of healthy eye protection and green low-carbon, the application scope of LCD technology continues to expand. Sangjin Optoelectronics has launched eye-protection type polarizing films, which optimize the light filtering path through linearly polarized non-linearly polarized technology, without affecting the display effect, to alleviate visual fatigue. Longteng Optoelectronics' full-color electronic paper display technology utilizes the dual-stable state characteristics of liquid crystal to achieve ultra-low power consumption, no blue light and no flicker advantages, giving new vitality to LCD technology in portable display fields. These innovations are based on the optimization of the core structure of TFT-LCD, retaining the advantages of mature technology while achieving functional upgrades.
Technological breakthroughs directly lead to the optimization of the industrial landscape. According to the data from Cewu Consulting, in 2025, the market strategy for controlling production and stabilizing prices in the LCD TV panel industry is clear. The shipment share of the top three manufacturers in the industry is expected to increase from 60% in 2024 to 65.1%. As Japanese and Korean manufacturers gradually withdraw from the LCD sector, Chinese enterprises have taken the leading position in the global market. Among them, TCL Huaxing has continuously occupied the top position in the global market share of e-sports display panels for three consecutive years. One out of every three e-sports displays uses its panels.
The continuous evolution of LCD technology validates the industry rule that "there is no end to technology". Industry experts point out that as the most widely used display technology globally, TFT-LCD, with its high cost-effectiveness, mature technology, and complete layout of the Chinese supply chain, will maintain a stable market share of 70 billion US dollars in 2025. In the future, with the deep integration of LCD with technologies such as AI and Mini LED, as well as the expansion in specialized fields such as automotive and commercial displays, Chinese display enterprises will continue to lead global industrial upgrading through technological innovation, promoting the all-round leap from "Chinese screens" to "global screens".
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